Publications

This Thematic Learning Report draws on the results of the subregional event of the MC2CM project held under the auspices of the Municipality of Tunis on 18–19 September 2018. The event convened 47 participants from 9 city administrations, experts, as well as representatives of international and regional organisations, including the European Union and Swiss Embassy in Tunisia. The event was held in the framework of the flagship Migration Media Award Ceremony and related events on communication. It served as a first step in identifying challenges and opportunities in the field of communication on migration at local level, a work that will be carried forward in the implementation of MC2CM project.

This report collects evidence presented on the occasion of the peer-learning event on cultural policies and migrants’ inclusion in urban contexts held in Casablanca in December 2019, in the framework of the MC2CM project, as well as other relevant data existing in this field. It aims to provide accessible guidance for policymakers and other relevant stakeholders, on the connections existing between cultural aspects and migrants’ inclusion, and their policy relevance.

This report explores the key learnings shared at the MC2CM peer-to-peer event on The Link Between Homelessness and Migration: Fostering Inclusive Neighbourhoods, held virtually on 28 – 30 April 2021 and hosted by Municipality of Dortmund. The document further draws from broader learnings from the global homeless services sector and other relevant academic publications and data. The report positions these learnings within the framework of the MC2CM project as well as Agenda 2030, the New Urban Agenda, the Global Compact on Migration and the Global Compact on Refugees. This thematic report shares concrete examples as well as actionable guidance and policy recommendations for how to support migrants out of homelessness and into secure, adequate housing accommodation.

This Thematic Learning Report draws on the results of the regional event of the MC2CM project held online and hosted by the Municipality of Seville and the Andalousian Fund of Municiplities for International Solidarity (FAMSI) from 15 to 18 June 2020 . The digital event convened 82 participants from the Euro-Mediterranean region and beyond, including representatives of 23 cities, 5 local authorities’ network, NGOs, International Organisations, journalists, policy analysts and experts. The interactive sessions tackled rebalancing migration narratives for improved urban migration governance

The framework for local policies and integration initiatives is provided by the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals.In this regard, the City Council approved its 2030 Strategic Plan, the central objective of which is a shared city that advocates for more inter-related, better connected contexts, with an awareness of its advantages and opportunities.In addition, the central focus of the Strategic Plan relates to equity and participation.The migrant issue is dealt with in the Strategic Plan specifically in Strategy 5.1 on the promotion of the role of the tertiary sector and partnering with a view to providing aid, among other things, to migrants.The Plan also assumes the characteristic of inclusive multiculturalism for the city, paying specific attention to the inclusion of migrants and refugees. The migration policies of the city of Seville are implemented under principles of political and social consensus, as well as cooperation between administrations and public and private sector institutions.

Pôle économique et universitaire, le gouvernorat de Sfax attire plus qu’il ne produit de migrants. Le gouvernorat et la ville de Sfax font face à cinq types de flux migratoires, à savoir la migration interne, la migration en provenance de Libye, les étudiants étrangers, la migration irrégulière et les demandeurs d’asile. La situation migratoire s’est transformée depuis 2011 : la chute du régime de Kadafi en Libye a signifié une arrivée massive en Tunisie de libyens mais aussi de migrants subsahariens résidents en Libye. Aujourd’hui, la Tunisie confirme son statut de pays de transit de la migration.

This report collects evidence presented on the occasion of the peer-learning event on inclusive local citizenship virtually held by the city of Grenoble in March 2021, in the framework of the MC2CM project, as well as other relevant data existing in this field. The document aims to provide accessible guidance for policymakers and other relevant stakeholders on the topic of local inclusive citizenship as a way to foster the Right to the City for all, as well as to show the policy relevance of the actions herein exposed.

La ville de Sousse attire principalement trois catégories de migrants, à savoir, les migrants tunisiens en provenance des régions de l’intérieur, les migrants Tunisiens qui rentrent de l’étranger et, les migrants étrangers en provenance principalement d’Afrique subsaharienne, d’autres pays du Maghreb ou d’Europe. En 10 ans (1999-2004 et 2009-2014) la ville de Sousse a accueilli 73 351 migrants internes, ce qui représente 61,5% de l’ensemble des 119 952 migrants internes qui étaient entrés dans le gouvernorat de Sousse durant la même période.

Bei der vorliegenden Studie handelt es sich um die erste umfassende qualitative Forschungsstudie über arbeitsmarktspezifische Integrationsmaßnahmen für asylberechtigte bzw. subsidiär schutzberechtigte Frauen in Österreich, Deutschland und Norwegen. Als arbeitsmarktspezifische Integrationsmaßnahmen werden Maßnahmen, Projekte und Programme verstanden, die einen Fokus auf die Förderung der ausbildungsadäquaten Arbeitsmarktintegration von geflüchteten Frauen legen und sich dabei mit den verschiedenen Phasen des Arbeitsmarktintegrationsprozesses auseinandersetzen, wie z.B. Vorbereitung, Berufsorientierung, Ausbildung, Arbeitssuche und - aufnahme.

Die Fragestellung der vorliegenden Studie – Erfahrungen mit der und Erfolgsbedingungen für die Arbeitsmarktintegration von Frauen mit Fluchterfahrung – ist anwendungsorientiert und verlangt eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Praxiserfahrung entsprechender Projekte und Maßnahmen und eine Analyse der Projektergebnisse. Anders als eine Evaluierung, bei der es um das Erreichen von Projektzielen und den Einsatz der vorgesehenen Mittel geht, um auf dieser Basis Empfehlungen für die Weiterentwicklung eines Projektes zu erarbeiten, lag die Aufgabenstellung dieser Studie darin, einen Überblick über die Wahrnehmung der wesentlichen Herausforderungen durch ProjektbetreiberInnen und Geflüchtete zu gewinnen und aus den Projekterfahrungen Empfehlungen für die Organisation und Gestaltung der Arbeitsmarktintegrationsmaßnahmen zu entwickeln und notwendige Veränderungen in den strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen zu diskutieren. Im Sinne des peer-learning wurde die Erhebung in Österreich mit Recherchen zu vergleichbaren Projeken im deutschen Bundesland Nordrhein-Westfalen und in Norwegen vergleichbare Projekte ergänzt.

The intensity and pace of climate change is a source of concern worldwide. Weather-related events are taking an increasingly heavy and obvious toll, pressing policy-makers to act decisively to safeguard natural resources and to protect populations from harm.

Against this backdrop, it has become routine for the public discourse to associate climate change and its impacts with migration and mobility. In Europe and the global north in general, climate change is often perceived as precipitating a new stage of large-scale mobility from developing countries. The occurrence of floods, droughts and other natural disasters and the resulting population displacement, contributes to cement the assumption that climate change and mobility are two sides of the same coin.

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is facing severe climate risks. In fact, scientific projections indicate that the region is warming up faster than the global average, exposing local populations to a series of threats directly and indirectly associated with climate change. However, the migration and mobility implications of this phenomenon have been contentious. Indeed, measuring climate mobility is fraught with challenges, from assessing people’s propensity to migrate to identifying obstacles to movement.

This study aims to consider the various perceptions and narratives surrounding climate mobility in three different countries: Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia. Based on key stakeholder interviews, this work aims to provide policy-makers with pointers to understand how the public discussion on the climate mobility nexus is progressing in these countries. The research focuses on exposing people’s perceptions of climate impacts and how these perceptions shape decision-making mechanisms related to mobility. In doing so it aims to uncover the complex and singular realities that current reporting on climate mobility tends to mask.

A Baseline Study on Migration Data Management in Azerbaijan has been published by the EU-funded MOBILAZE 2 project. The study was conducted by ICMPD and EU member states’ experts. The main objective of this study is to provide comprehensive insight into the current state and practices of migration data management in the Republic of Azerbaijan, with a particular focus on the existing procedures and tools available for data collection, analysis, and application. The particular gaps and needs observed in this regard are then laid out and recommendations for improvement are given. The MOBILAZE 2 project team would like to thank all participating Azerbaijani state institutions who gave their valuable insight and recommendations for this study. 

New displacement in 2022 pushed the number of people forcibly displaced globally to more than 108 million – more than the populations of Italy and Spain combined. Many forced migrants find themselves in ‘protracted displacement’ situations, where they experience long-term vulnerability, dependency, and legal insecurity, lacking or denied opportunities to rebuild their lives. The EU-funded Transnational Figurations of Displacement (TRAFIG) research project investigated why people fall into protracted displacement situations and what coping strategies they use, with a focus on networks and mobility. Over the course of three years, the TRAFIG team engaged with more than 3,100 people, including displaced persons, policymakers, and practitioners in 11 countries across East Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. This included a survey of 1,900 displaced persons: Congolese persons displaced within the DRC and people who moved from their countries of origin to Ethiopia, Greece, Italy, Jordan, and Pakistan.

TRAFIG research findings underscored the importance of networks for displaced persons looking to secure a sustainable future and for policymakers and practitioners looking to support them, including when it comes to their integration. This paper highlights the role of local networking in settling in and shares how humanitarian, development, and integration actors can take these findings on board in the search for more sustainable solutions to global displacement.

Temporary protection for people fleeing Ukraine has an end date: March 2025 at the latest. To promote and support a discussion of post-temporary protection strategies at the EU level, ICMPD has published a second discussion paper exploring potential policy options, with a focus on those enabling temporary protection beneficiaries to remain in the EU. It highlights the aspirations of Ukrainians to remain or return, as identified in various surveys; calculates the potential impact of a status change on national asylum and immigration permit systems; looks at potential special statuses for this group; and identifies relevant lessons learned from Brexit. This paper builds on a March 2023 discussion paper, which also aimed to contribute food for thought on ways to exit from temporary protection, which was published under a joint ICMPD-IGC initiative on “Continuation of and exit strategies from temporary protection and similar arrangements.”

Public communication has the potential to do enormous good for humanity. Regarding migration, public communication can be used to meet widely agreed-upon policy objectives such as safe, orderly, and regular migration. Moreover, it can help governments uphold democratic legal- and rights-based policy frameworks against nefarious forces and contribute to maximising the potential benefits and minimising the potential costs of migration to origin, transit, and host country populations, as well as to migrants themselves. In line with ongoing research from the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) and the EUROMED Migration programme on how to use public communication to re-balance migration narratives and protect the rights, safety, and opportunities of migrants, this report asks how we can use persuasive communication to achieve policy goals regarding irregular migration. It gathers lessons learned and provides practical recommendations, with a particular focus on the Euro-Mediterranean region and the activities of the European Union.

Conducted as part of the EU-funded and ICMPD-implemented Migration Partnership Facility project “Making refugee talent visible and accessible to EU labour markets – tapping into the potential of skills-based complementary pathways,” this mapping looks globally at channels through which persons in need of protection can work and study in a third country. These schemes enable people in need of protection to utilise and develop their skills.

The talent that refugees possess is often overlooked in policy and public discussions. Skills-based policies such as complementary labour pathways, which facilitate refugee labour mobility, can bring tangible benefits for refugees, receiving employers and economies, and countries of first asylum. This policy brief, based on desk research and interviews with dozens of stakeholders, shares policy options for expanding complementary labour pathways in the EU.

Employment is a vital strategy for refugees from Ukraine seeking to rebuild their lives abroad or sustain themselves until it is safe to return. To this end, the first-ever activation of the EU Temporary Protection Directive provides for immediate access to the EU labour market. However, this is not the only innovation that has emerged since the seismic events of spring 2022, and represents but the first step in facilitating the employment of refugees from Ukraine.

Civil society organisations, private sector actors, and individual volunteers are all playing an active role in helping newcomers to find employment. For their part, many national, regional, and local governments from across Europe have responded with creative approaches. This briefing note details government approaches to boosting employment adopted or adapted in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. It focuses on receiving countries in Central and Eastern Europe, which have received a large share of Ukrainian refugees, but, in many cases, have limited recent experience with receiving humanitarian migrants.

Parler de personnes qui traversent des frontières physiques et idéologiques dans le détroit de Gibraltar revient à décrire le paysage complexe des mobilités typiques des régions transfrontalières. Nous reprenons dans le document « Termes fondamentaux sur la migration » (OIM, 2020) les différentes définitions légales qui construisent les personnes en déplacement dans la zone du détroit. Les personnes en déplacement sont soumises à un régime de migration ainsi qu’à un régime frontalier ayant des dimensions différentes (juridique, exécutive, technologique et idéologique)39 et qui créent une série de classifications qui déterminent l'accès aux droits fondamentaux sur les deux côtes.